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Microbial cell culture, referred to as microbial culture, includes prokaryotic cell culture (bacteria culture) and eukaryotic cell culture (mold culture and yeast culture). These cells are small, have cell walls, and have a very short cell cycle, such as bacteria multiplying once every 20-30 minutes. Plant cell culture refers to protoplast culture. Plant cell cultures that do not take into account the isolation of protoplasts, whether isolated single cells or tissue pieces, are called plant tissue cultures. Animal tissue cell culture includes culture by inoculation of single cell suspension and culture by inoculation of tissue blocks. Passage cells, such as cell lines and cell lines, are usually cultured by inoculating single-cell suspensions, which is a common way for animal cell culture. Primary cells refer to cell aggregates derived from animal tissues, often containing a variety of cell types, and the plasma membranes between cells are tightly connected. If the cells in the tissue do not need to be separated during the culture, the culture directly using the tissue block is tissue culture. If it needs to be prepared into a single cell suspension and then inoculated and cultured, it belongs to a primary cell culture. 1. Cellular microorganism culture Cellular microorganisms include prokaryotic microorganisms and eukaryotic microorganisms. Bacteria, actinomycetes, spirochetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia, and rickettsia generally belong to single-celled prokaryotic organisms, and actinomycetes grow in hyphae, which are composed of multiple cells, but each cell often contains multiple sets of nuclei Substance, belonging to non-septal hyphae. Yeasts are generally single-celled eukaryotes, and molds are often multicellular eukaryotes. Most of the fungal hyphae are septated hyphae, and each cell generally contains 1 nucleus or more than 2 nuclei. (1) Training purpose According to the difference in the physical properties of the culture medium, it can be divided into three types: ① liquid culture, which is used for the purpose of enrichment culture and identification culture; Semi-solid culture, generally used for identification and enrichment purposes. (2) Training form Among the liquid culture types, fermentation tube culture, fermenter tank culture, shake flask culture, multi-well plate culture and other forms are common. In the solid culture type, petri dish plates, Kjeldahl (flat bottle) plates, and test tube slopes are common forms. (3) Cultivation instruments The incubator used for prokaryotic cell culture is a biochemical incubator or anaerobic incubator. The former is used for aerobic bacteria culture, and the latter is used for anaerobic bacteria culture. Anaerobic culture requires food-grade nitrogen provided by steel cylinders. The mold incubator is used for mold cultivation, which can provide high relative humidity and high air tightness. 2. Plant tissue cell culture Plant tissue culture refers to the process of isolating a part of a plant, that is, an explant, by aseptic operation, inoculating it on a medium, and cultivating it under artificially controlled conditions to produce a complete plant. Plant tissue culture mainly includes protoplast culture, suspension cell culture, anther culture, tissue culture, organ culture and other forms, the most common of which is callus culture. (1) Training purpose Due to the totipotency of plant cells, various types of plant tissue cell cultures can be induced to differentiate to form callus and develop into new plants. Plant tissue culture technology is not only used for rapid propagation, but also has a wide range of uses. These applications include haploid breeding, germplasm conservation, physiological studies, and gene transformation, among others. (2) Types of training 1. Plant protoplast culture Plant cell culture refers only to plant protoplast culture in a narrow sense, and includes plant protoplast culture and plant tissue culture in a broad sense. A plant cell from which the cell wall has been removed is called a protoplast. Plant protoplast culture is to use cellulase or pectinase to degrade the cell wall of cells in a tissue block derived from a certain plant organ, centrifuge to collect a single cell suspension, and then inoculate and culture. Its characteristics are: ① It is relatively easy to absorb foreign genetic material, such as DNA; ② It is convenient for cell fusion to form hybrid cells; ③ It is as totipotent as a complete cell, and can still produce a cell wall, which can be induced to differentiate into a complete plant. 2. Plant tissue culture Including shoot apical meristem or callus culture. Among them, the induced callus can produce regenerated plants under suitable conditions. It is used for the following purposes: ① to study the growth and development, differentiation and genetic variation of plants; ② to clone specific varieties, that is, asexual reproduction; ③ to obtain metabolites of specific plant tissue cells. 3. Suspension plant cell culture A culture technique developed on the basis of callus culture techniques. It is suitable for industrialized large-scale cell culture and the preparation of plant metabolites. 4. Anther culture Also called haploid culture. Haploid plants can be obtained through anther or pollen culture, and the most homozygous plants or varieties can be obtained after artificial doubling. 5. Plant organ culture Plant organ culture refers to the culture of embryos, anthers, ovaries, roots or stems of plants in vitro. (3) Culture conditions Artificial culture conditions, that is, artificial environment, include: ① light conditions that provide energy sources; ② temperature conditions that ensure metabolism; ③ humidity conditions that provide air-water balance; ④ culture media that provide sources of biological raw materials; sterile environment. The artificial environment mimics the plant's natural environment, i.e. light, temperature, humidity, soil and the sterile environment inside the intact plant. The selection of light and temperature is usually based on the ecological habits of the plants to be cultivated. It is customary to use a combination of dark culture and light culture (8h/d, 30001x) to alternately carry out the whole process of cultivation, and the temperature is controlled within the range of 25-28°C. Humidity does not need to be specially adjusted in tissue culture, because the relative humidity in the culture container is almost 100%. Therefore, the key and difficulty of how to control the artificial culture environment lies in the selection and preparation of the medium. 1. Medium The plant medium is developed from the nutrient solution of soilless cultivation, which can be understood as simulated soil in a sense. The initial medium is potato extract. With the deepening of plant physiology and biochemical research, the composition of the medium becomes more and more complex, with more and more components. When agar and gelatin supports were discovered and applied to culture media, solid media were born. Solid media is a type of media commonly used in tissue culture media. Different plants have different requirements for the optimum pH value of the medium, most of which are in the range of 5-6.5. Generally, the pH of the medium is controlled at 5.8, which can basically meet the needs of most plant cultures. The osmotic pressure can be adjusted by adding substances such as salt, sucrose, mannitol and ethylene glycol to the medium. Usually 1-2 atmospheric pressure can promote the growth of plant tissue, when the pressure is above 2 atmospheric pressure, growth disorder occurs, and when the pressure is 6 atmospheric pressure, the plant tissue cannot survive. Regardless of whether the culture target is designed for cell growth or for the accumulation of metabolites, the culture medium is mainly composed of carbon sources, organic nitrogen sources, inorganic salts, plant growth hormones, organic acids and some compound substances. (1) Carbon source Sucrose or glucose is a commonly used carbon source, and fructose is worse than the former two. Other carbohydrates are not suitable as a single carbon source. Generally, increasing the content of sucrose in the medium can increase the amount of secondary metabolites of cultured cells. (2) Organic nitrogen sources The organic nitrogen sources usually used include protein hydrolyzate (including casein hydrolyzate), glutamine or amino acid mixture. Organic nitrogen sources are beneficial in the early growth stages of primary cultures of cells. L-Glutamine can replace or supplement certain protein hydrolysates. (3) Inorganic salt macroelements and trace elements are usually replaced by inorganic salts, and iron salts usually appear in the form of chelated iron. For different culture forms, the optimal concentration of inorganic salts is not the same. Usually, the concentration of inorganic salts containing a large number of elements in the culture medium is controlled at about 25mmol/L. The concentration of nitrate is generally 25-40mmol/L. Although nitrate can be used as an inorganic nitrogen source alone, adding ammonium salt is beneficial to cell growth. Ammonium salts can also act as nitrogen sources alone if some succinic acid or other organic acids are added. Potassium must be added to the culture medium at a concentration of 20mmol/L. The concentration of trace elements such as phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and sulfur is between 1-3mmol/L. (4) Plant growth hormone Most plant cell culture medium contains natural and synthetic plant growth hormone. Plant hormones have an unshakable core position in tissue culture, including five categories, namely, auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, ethylenes and somatostatins. Commonly used in plant tissue culture are auxins and cytokinins. Mitogens and auxins are usually used together to promote cell division and growth. Auxin can promote the formation of roots in plant cells and tissue culture. Effective and commonly used are indole butyric acid, indole acetic acid and naphthalene acetic acid, and mitogens are usually adenine derivatives. (5) The addition of organic acids to pyruvate or tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates such as citric acid, succinic acid, and malic acid can ensure the growth of plant cells on the medium with ammonium salt as a single nitrogen source and the ability to tolerate potassium salt At least increase to 10mmol/L. Krebs cycle intermediates also enhance the growth of cells and protoplasts at low inoculum sizes. (6) Compound substances are usually used as cell growth regulators, such as yeast extract, malt extract, coconut water and fruit juice. Currently these substances have been replaced by nutrients of known composition. It was also found in many instances that some extracts were toxic to cells. Coconut juice is still widely used, and its concentration in the culture medium is 1-15mmol/L. 2. Culture vessel Culture vessels emphasize the shape of plant tissue cell culture, including test tubes, Erlenmeyer flasks, canning bottles, petri dishes, flat culture bottles, concave glass slides, L-shaped tubes and T-shaped tubes. 3. Cultivate the external environment Plant tissue cell culture requires light, temperature, humidity and other conditions. The incubators that meet these conditions are light incubators, large artificial climate chambers, artificial climate chambers or plant bioreactors. 3. Animal cell culture (1) Type of training 1. According to the animal classification of cultured cells Divided into invertebrate cell culture and vertebrate cell culture. (1) Invertebrate cell culture refers to cell culture derived from the phylum Porzoa, Coelenterate, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca and Echinodermata. The cell culture research of invertebrates is later than that of mammals. Due to the particularity of invertebrate cells in terms of morphology, structure, function and nutritional requirements, most of the cell cultures stay at the level of primary culture and limited cell lines. The phylum Arthropoda can be divided into 3 subphylums and 7 classes. Among them, there are many types of Crustacea, Arachnida, Myriapoda, and Insecta. They are widely distributed. Some types are available for medicinal purposes, mainly represented by shrimps and crabs. ,insect. Since 1961, more than 800 insect cell lines have been established. (2) Vertebrate cell culture These vertebrates from low to high include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Vertebrate cell culture was carried out earlier, and the establishment of cell lines was relatively complete. Mammalian cell culture research started early, and there are many studies. Its biological characteristics are closer to human natural products, and it is the focus of research and development of biotechnology products. In the 1980s, after WHO clarified that mammalian passage cells could be used for the production of biological products, cell culture in this field has achieved considerable development in the research and development of biotech drugs. According to literature reports, 70% of approved biotechnology drugs are produced by mammalian cells. 2. Classification according to cell growth characteristics It is generally divided into adherent culture and suspension culture. Please refer to Task 31. 3. Classification according to training purpose Primary culture, subculture, clone culture, expansion culture, etc. For details and operation methods, refer to task 33. (2) Culture conditions 1. Medium Commonly used are serum-containing medium and serum-free medium, which are generally synthetic medium, and various types of commercial medium are available, such as dry powder medium and liquid medium. Serum-containing medium usually uses fetal calf serum, newborn calf serum or calf serum, and the general addition amount is 5%-20%. 2. Culture vessel Commonly used culture vessels include culture dishes, square culture flasks, porous cell culture plates, etc. For details, please read Task 19 and Task 20. 3. Culture equipment The open culture uses a professional CO2 incubator to provide temperature, humidity and pH guarantees for the growth of animal cells. Among them, the constant concentration of CO2 is crucial to stabilizing the pH of the culture solution. In addition to the commonly used CO2 incubator, animal cell bioreactors, cell factories or roller bottle machines and other instruments or large-scale equipment are also required in production. 4. Microscopic examination equipment The inverted biological microscope is a professional microscopic inspection instrument, which is used to observe the growth status of the culture, check whether there is microbial contamination, and preliminarily determine what kind of cell type microbial contamination is. 4. The main differences in the cultivation of microbial cells, plant cells and animal cells In biotechnology, people have used the mass culture of bacteria and filamentous fungi to produce various enzymes, antibiotics, proteins, amino acids and other products, but many biological substances with important value, such as toxins, vaccines, interferons, monoclonal antibodies, etc. , pigments, fragrance substances, etc. must be prepared by means of large-scale cultivation of animal cells and plant cells. If you have a certain understanding of the similarities and differences in the cultivation of microbial cells, plant cells or animal cells, it will help learners to better grasp the basic conditions and requirements of animal cells, and establish a certain theoretical basis for mammalian cell culture.

The multi-well cell culture plate also follows the principle of strict asepsis when performing cell operations, and all operations must be standardized and scientific, without causing additional impact on cell growth. The most common problem is how to ensure the uniformity of the cells after adding the sample and minimize the impact of changing the medium on the growth state of the cells. Loading and handling of multi-well cell culture plates: The cell culture plate also follows the principle of strict asepsis when performing cell operations. All operations must be standardized and scientific, and will not cause additional impact on cell growth. The most common problem is how to ensure the uniformity of the cells after adding the sample and minimize the impact of changing the medium on the growth state of the cells. ask: The lids of 96 and 24-well culture plates or petri dishes are very loose, which is convenient for ventilation, but will bacteria, mold and other pollutants also slip in? answer: The lid is very loose, which belongs to semi-open culture, and the purpose of this is to ventilate (in fact, it is to make the CO2 outside the culture dish fully exchange with the culture dish and maintain the pH value of the culture medium). Everything has advantages and disadvantages, which of course increases the possibility of pollution. In addition, this causes the liquid in the dish to evaporate, which is notable for precise dosing of drugs. Therefore, the following two measures are necessary: a. The air in the incubator must be clean (regular ultraviolet light, alcohol scrubbing, and the incubator should be opened and closed as little as possible) b. The humidity in the incubator must always be kept at 100% (the sink with sterile distilled water placed in the incubator ). Just like a petri dish, it is also a container with an upside-down lid, and it will not be polluted. Mainly because of the negative pressure of the airflow generated by the "L" edge of the cover, there are microorganisms attached to the dust, and the dust carried by the airflow cannot pass through the edge of the cover that generates negative pressure. The ventilation effect is only through the diffusion of air, and no airflow will be generated, so it will only breathe and not penetrate bacteria. ask: Using a 24-well plate, there are operations in some of the wells (in the ultra-clean bench), and there are cells to be cultured in other wells. I am worried that this will cause contamination. I don`t know what to pay attention to? answer: If the operation is standardized in the ultra-clean bench, it should be ok. I think you can make full use of the cover of the culture plate, try to expose only the holes to be operated, and cover the other holes with covers. Consider comprehensively before use and make full use of all the holes; if you only need to use a few holes, you can use only one side, and cover the rest with a cover. I am used to using the right hole first (it is convenient to add samples to the right hand). When operating, use a few glass slides to raise one side of the board, do not open the cover completely, generally no problem. Uneven cell distribution and solutions ask: Cells are inoculated on the culture plate, and the cells always gather in the peripheral part, how to deal with it? answer: May I ask how your cells are mixed? Is it pipetting or shaking the culture plate? If it is the latter, and if it is shaken in a circle, it is very likely that the cells will be thrown to the peripheral part due to the centrifugal force, resulting in fewer cells in the middle. More than four weeks! Here is a good way: before cultivating the seed plate, put the culture plate into the incubator for a few hours of saturation and then take it out. The force should be light when planting the cells. Adding slowly allows the cell suspension to flow into the wells of the plate, and the cultured cells basically grow evenly. Remember to never shake with a shaker, or your cells will clump together like you said. The smaller the hole diameter of the culture plate, the more obvious this phenomenon is. This phenomenon is unavoidable for 24 and 96-well plates, because the liquid adheres to the wall so that the culture solution in the well does not form a liquid level, but the periphery is high, just like a concave mirror. However, when using these two kinds of orifice plates, it is not possible to add sufficient amount of culture solution due to the need for additional intervention, so that the cells will appear "edge collection" together with the culture solution. It depends on what indicators you need to observe. If it is MTT, immunohistochemistry will affect the results due to cell layering. When digesting cells, pay attention to pipetting evenly to avoid cell clumps, and the amount of culture solution in the well should be sufficient. Generally, add enough culture solution when inoculating, and change the solution once when adding intervention. The amount of culture solution added to the intervention solution is equal to the amount of culture solution at the time of inoculation , In this case, the phenomenon of "edge set" will be improved, so you might as well give it a try. ask: What I did was the plaque formation experiment. It is best to spread the cells in a uniform layer. Most of the holes are fine when the virus is inoculated, and some of them are not uniform. There are great differences in the cell group. I would like to ask you what method you use when adding cells? answer: It is critical to pipette the cells into a single-cell suspension after digestion! Make sure that the number of cells in each well is consistent when splitting the plate! Of course, there are also processing factors. The parallelism between the wells is also very important. For example, when adding medicine, mix the medicine after dilution to ensure that the concentration of each well is consistent! Furthermore, when adding cells and drugs, the test group and the control group should be added in turn to avoid the difference in cell density and drug concentration caused by the sequence of adding samples! ask: The blowing is already uniform, but the planking, 6 holes, and 24 holes are always somewhat uneven, and a little concentrated in the middle. Moreover, it is obvious that the counting is done, and after a day or two, the density of each hole is different, which will affect the detection. Is there a good way? answer: If you use a Pasteur pipette, do not suck too much each time, because the cells in the pipette will automatically sink, often the number of cells in the first few holes is large, and the cell suspension is often uniform, and the liquid will follow the S-shape route. If you use a pipette, the tips should be processed and removed to avoid damaging the cells, so that each time the liquid is taken corresponds to a well. It is more accurate to add one-to-one hole with tip. But also pay attention to mixing the suspension. To set up a parallel group, n must be large enough (you can calculate it). Do not shake after plating, as shaking will cause cells to aggregate towards the center. It is best to plank once. Porous cell culture plate Yongyue Medical has always regarded quality control as the life of the enterprise, and pursued the continuous improvement of enterprise competitiveness. The company always adheres to the enterprise spirit of obeying laws and regulations, being strict with self-discipline, being lenient, and daring to take responsibility as the standard in operation, maintaining and expanding the market with excellent quality and excellent service, and meeting the needs of customers to the greatest extent. . Win-win with customers is our development goal. Yongyue Medical! Your trusted partner. We are willing to cooperate sincerely with you to create a better future.

Cell culture dish (150mm): The special structural improvement design increases the strength of the lid and the bottom of the dish, improves the flatness at the same time, and increases the adsorption of the inner wall of the culture dish. Cleaning steps for cell culture dishes: Generally, it goes through four steps of soaking, scrubbing, pickling, and cleaning. 1. Soaking: New or used glassware should be soaked in water first to soften and dissolve the attachments. New glassware should be simply scrubbed with tap water before use, and then soaked overnight in 5% hydrochloric acid; used glassware often has a lot of protein and oil attached to it, which is not easy to wash off after drying, so it should be immersed in clean water immediately after use for scrubbing . 2. Scrubbing: Put the soaked glassware in detergent water and scrub it repeatedly with a soft brush. Do not leave dead space and prevent damage to the surface finish of the utensils. Wash and dry the cleaned glassware for pickling. 3. Pickling: Pickling is to soak the above-mentioned utensils in a cleaning solution, also known as acid solution, to remove possible residual substances on the surface of the utensils through the strong oxidation of the acid solution. Pickling should not be less than six hours, usually overnight or longer. Be careful with the utensils. 4. Rinse: The utensils after scrubbing and pickling must be fully rinsed with water. Whether the utensils are cleaned after pickling will directly affect the success or failure of cell culture. Hand-wash the utensils after pickling, and each utensil must repeat "water filling-emptying" at least 15 times, and finally soak it with double-distilled water for 2-3 times, dry or dry it and pack it for later use.

TC handling of cell culture dishes is a very important step to ensure accurate, reliable and reproducible results during cell culture. This article will describe the purpose, methodology, and best practices of TC manipulation and discuss its importance for cell culture research. 1. Purpose of TC processing TC treatment (also known as tissue culture treatment) is a special treatment of cell culture dishes to improve their surface wettability, prevent poor cell adhesion or excessive diffusion, thereby increasing the uniformity of cell attachment. TC treatment can make cells attach better to the bottom of the culture dish, and can promote cell growth and division, while also reducing the risk of cell death due to poor adhesion. 2. TC processing method There are various methods for TC treatment, including physical and chemical methods. Among them, the physical method is to reduce the surface tension of the culture dish through a surface tension reducing agent to promote cell attachment; the chemical method is to use materials such as siloxane to coat the surface of the culture dish to improve surface wettability. 3. Ideal practice for TC processing When performing TC treatment, the following points should be noted: 3.1 Cleaning: Before subjecting the Petri dish to TC treatment, it must be ensured that its surface is clean, sterile and dry. This can be achieved by using an organic solvent (such as ethanol or methanol) and a UV lamp. 3.2 Time: TC processing time should be accurately controlled. Different culture dish materials and types of treatments may require different treatment times. Therefore, before performing TC treatment, you should refer to the instructions or literature provided by the supplier, and make appropriate adjustments according to the experimental needs. 3.3 Quality control: The effect of TC treatment will affect the subsequent cell culture results. In order to ensure that each batch of Petri dishes can get a consistent TC treatment effect, repeatability testing and quality control can be performed to ensure the consistency of surface wettability of each batch of Petri dishes. 4. The importance of TC treatment for cell culture research TC treatment not only improved the uniformity of cell attachment and growth rate, but also reduced cell death and promoted cell division. These advantages can play an important role in many cell culture experiments, such as cell proliferation, drug screening, and cytotoxicity testing, etc.

1. Slow down evaporation: Inverting the culture dish can slow down the evaporation of medium water in the culture dish; 2. Easy access: The lid of the petri dish is large and the bottom is small. If it is placed upright, it is easy to only take the lid when taking it, which will cause the exposure of the culture medium in the petri dish, which may cause contamination of the culture medium or drop of the petri dish. 3. Easy to observe: the petri dish is inverted, which can control the spread of colonies in the petri dish, which is conducive to the formation of single colonies and is convenient for experimental observation; 4. Avoid pollution: Inversion can prevent the water vapor in the petri dish from condensing on the lid of the dish and dripping onto the culture medium during the experiment, introducing bacteria into the culture medium, causing pollution and affecting the growth of microorganisms in the culture medium . 5. Convenient collection: Sometimes the goal of culture is to collect metabolites of bacteria. However, some metabolites are easily soluble in water. When the petri dish is placed on the cover, distilled water will appear, causing colonies to form flakes. Inverting the petri dish can facilitate the collection of metabolites , and counting or separation, etc. 6. Avoid cracking: In the forced ventilation incubator, you can use the method of inverting the culture dish to reduce the air flow on the surface of the medium and reduce the evaporation rate of the medium water, so that the medium is not easy to crack.

Drug test and urine test are common detection methods in modern society, and they can be used in many occasions, such as hospitals, enterprises, schools, government agencies, etc. In these occasions, drug testing and urine drug test are mainly used to detect whether there are drugs, alcohol and other substances in the human body, as well as whether there are markers of certain diseases, so as to help people understand their own physical conditions. It is very simple and convenient to use the drug test and urine drug test. Just put the test paper into the urine and wait for a few minutes to get the test result. This detection method is not only fast, but also has high accuracy, which can meet people's detection needs for physical health. The selling point of drug testing and urine testing is that they can help people understand their physical conditions in a timely manner, so that they can take corresponding measures for adjustment and treatment. In addition, drug testing and urine testing also have the advantages of high privacy, convenient use, and affordable prices, and are deeply loved by consumers. For enterprises, drug testing and urine testing can help enterprises understand the physical condition of employees, thereby ensuring the production safety of enterprises and the health of employees. For schools and government agencies, drug testing and urine testing can help them detect and treat students' or the public's health problems in a timely manner, so as to protect the public's health. In short, drug testing and urine testing are very practical means of detection. They can help people discover and treat physical problems in time, thereby ensuring people's health. If you need a physical examination, you may wish to choose drug testing and urine testing, which are convenient, fast and accurate testing methods, so that your health can be better protected.

Cell strainer is gamma-ray sterilized, quick to filter, and easy to use for isolating primary cells from tissues to consistently obtain single-cell suspensions with consistent shape and properties. It is often used in organ culture, tissue transfer or transplantation, especially for stem cell and primary cell filtration, often used in conjunction with flow cytometry, and is the best choice for flow cytometry experiments. If you want to know more about Cell Strainer, you can use chat gpt to search artificial intelligence. The operation method, if you use iphone 14 to open chatgpt to search for the keyword ipl 2023, artificial intelligence will let you know about 2023 Indian Premier League | Live Score, Schedule, News. Cell strainer is made of strong nylon mesh, and there are three commonly used specifications: 100 um Cell Strainer 50ml Tube (yellow), 70 um Cell Strainer for 50ml Tube (white), 40um cell strainer for cell filtration (purple). 1. Strong nylon mesh, commonly used 100μm (yellow), 70μm (white), 40μm (purple), other pore sizes can be customized. 2. Evenly distributed mesh can provide consistent and reliable results. 3. The top extension edge can be operated aseptically with surgical forceps. 4. Polypropylene frame with molded color marking is easy to operate and distinguish. 5. Sterilized by gamma rays, no DNase, no RNase, no pyrogen. Application: 1. Obtain a single cell suspension by filtration of blood cells isolated from bone marrow, pancreas, thymus, tonsil, and lymph nodes 2. Preparation of Samples for Primary Cell Culture and Immunization 3. Filtration inactivation of colloids in serum 4. Preparation of Frozen Stocks Peripheral products: 1.Cell strainer can be used with 15ml centrifuge tube and 50ml centrifuge tube; 2. We have a full set of culture products, such as petri dish, cell culture plates, Pasteur pipettes, Inoculating Loops And Needles, etc.

Everyone is not immune to the presence of injections and medications. Many elderly people need to take medicine regularly and for a long time, but many elderly people forget to take medicine, or even take the wrong medicine, sometimes causing serious consequences; it is inconvenient for adults to go out or carry various medicines. Willing to let others know their privacy. At this time, the portable medicine box can effectively avoid all kinds of embarrassing situations. 1. The medicine box is classified according to the purpose We primarily use pill boxes for the following purposes: 1. Easy to carry: small size, easy to carry, more suitable for young people or short-term medication;Weekly Pill Box 7 Days 8 Compartments; 2. Large-capacity compartment: large-capacity, can store medicines for a week or a month, suitable for the elderly whose children are not at home; 3. Smart reminder:Small Travel Pill Organizer with 360 Degree Rotation; smart reminder, regular reminder, to avoid forgetting.5 Compartments Travel Pill Organizer for Pocket Purse; 2. Pill box recommendation There are many types of pill boxes on the market, and here are a few good ones to recommend. (1) Cute pill box When I saw this I was totally taken by how it looked and I feel lucky to see this kind of pill case. In addition, this kind of pill box has 4 Grids Travel Portable Pill Box Holder Container, which can keep the medicinal properties for a long time, and the concave buckle is not easy to fall apart when placed in the bag. One box of medicine can be stored once a day. (2) Fixed utility medicine box This medicine is actually very convenient. Now there are regulations to take medicine in the morning, noon, and night before going to bed. This medicine box can store medicine in a fixed grid. The capacity is relatively large, and it can be stored for a week at a time. It is more suitable for the elderly and those whose children are not often at home. Of course, it is also a box that can be stored for 30 days, but the 30-day box is more suitable for people who are relatively simple to take medicine every day.The 30-day box is like a keyboard. If you plan to go out for a long time, you can try to buy 4 boxes for 7 days. Weekly 7 Day Pill Organizer for Pills Vitamin Fish Oil.It feels like the protagonist of the TV series has prepared clothes for the child from now to the age of seven. There are many models of this kind of fixed pill box on the Internet, you can refer to it yourself. The choice of medicine box should be based on the frequency of taking medicine, need and whether you have time to take medicine. If you prefer portable ones, there are cute solid little grids, soft capsules. If you prefer high-end machine control, choose the drug-dispensing artifact. If it were you, what pill box would you choose? See you in the comment area, let's communicate and grow together.

1. "A survey of consumer preferences for pharmaceutical packaging in the UK" (2016) - This study found that consumers preferred plastic medicine containers over glass ones due to their convenience, durability, and ease of use. 2. "Plastic vs. Glass: Which Packaging Material Wins for Pharmaceuticals?" (2018) - This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of plastic and glass medicine containers, and concludes that plastic is the preferred option for many pharmaceutical companies due to its cost-effectiveness and durability. 3. "Plastic vs. Paper Packaging: Which is Better for the Environment?" (2021) - This article examines the environmental impact of plastic medicine containers and concludes that while they are not without their drawbacks, they are still a preferable option to paper-based packaging. 4. "The Role of Packaging in Consumer Buying Behavior" (2019) - This study found that packaging plays a significant role in consumer purchasing decisions, with factors such as convenience, durability, and ease of use being important considerations. 5. "Eco-Friendly Packaging: A Review of Current Developments and Trends" (2020) - This article discusses the growing trend towards eco-friendly packaging and the use of biodegradable plastics in medicine containers as a way to reduce environmental impact. Overall, these sources suggest that plastic medicine containers are widely accepted by consumers due to their convenience, durability, and ease of use. While there are concerns about their environmental impact, they remain a popular choice for both pharmaceutical companies and consumers. Yongyue Medical produces pill box of various styles and specifications. Plastic pillbox is currently the most popular material in the market, edible grade plastic pp material, light weight, exquisite appearance, easy to carry. There are many audiences. If you need customized services, please contact our sales to customize the drawings. Of course, we also produce cell culture series products, such as Petri dishes, Pasteur pipettes, etc.; medical consumables such as urine cups, specimen cups, etc.; we specialize in the production of disposable plastic consumables. Please click on our official website homepage to browse more products.

In recent years, with the development of biotechnology and the continuous deepening of laboratory scientific research, the laboratory consumables market has gradually expanded. Laboratory consumables are items that scientific researchers need to conduct experimental research. A wide variety of cell culture series products, Embedding Cassettes, Microscope Slides And Cover Slips, urine cups, disposable gloves, blood collection tubes, cryotubes, centrifuge tubes, etc. Culture series products are an important part of your laboratory consumables. Culture media are essential substances in biological experiments that can provide the nutrients and environment necessary for growth, such as: Cell culture, microbial culture, etc. Determine the formulation and type of medium according to the needs of the experiment. Commonly used media are DMEM, RPMI1640, MEM, F12, etc. In addition to culture medium, cell culture also requires the use of some additional laboratory consumables, such as cell culture plates, cell culture flasks, Erlenmeyer Flasks, etc. These laboratory consumables can provide the support and environment needed for cell growth to ensure the smooth progress of experiments. For biological tissue sections, laboratory consumables also play an important role. Embedding cassettes and glass slides are common laboratory consumables that can embed biological tissue in wax blocks to harden the tissue for easy sectioning. After slicing, slides can be used to obtain and observe tissue morphology and structure, providing basic data for subsequent experiments. During laboratory operations, disposable gloves are also essential laboratory consumables. Gloves can prevent the human body from contaminating the experimental samples, and can also protect the experimenters from the experimental samples. There are many types of disposable gloves, including latex gloves, polyethylene gloves, nitrile gloves, etc., which can be selected according to experimental needs. Disposable gloves are also indispensable laboratory consumables in the laboratory. Gloves can prevent the human body from contaminating experimental samples, and can also protect experimenters from being hurt by experimental samples. There are many types of disposable gloves, including latex gloves, polyethylene gloves, nitrile gloves, etc., which can be selected according to experimental needs. Laboratory consumables such as blood collection tubes, cryotubes, and centrifuge tubes are also commonly used in laboratories. Blood collection tubes can be used to collect blood samples from animals or humans, and cryotubes and centrifuge tubes can be used to preserve and process experimental samples. These laboratory consumables are widely used in laboratories, providing the necessary support for experimental research. In short, laboratory consumables are necessary items for laboratory researchers to conduct experimental research. Different experiments require the use of different experimental consumables, and researchers need to select appropriate experimental consumables according to the experimental needs to ensure the smooth progress of the experiment.

With the continuous development of biotechnology, cell culture technology is becoming more and more mature. As one of the most common experimental equipment in cell culture, plastic cell culture dishes have gradually been recognized by people for their advantages. First of all, plastic petri dishes are more convenient and practical than glass petri dishes. Plastic petri dishes are not only lightweight and easy to carry, but also cheap and can be mass-produced to meet the needs of laboratories. In addition, the surface of the plastic cell culture dish is smooth without burrs, which will not cause damage to the cells and ensure the healthy growth of the cells.Second, sterile plastic petri dishes can be used with a variety of products. Such as Pasteur pipettes, serological pipettes, cell strainers, Erlenmeyer Flasks, culture flasks, centrifuge tubes, ELISA Plates, Specimen Bag, etc. These products can help experimenters to conduct cell culture experiments more conveniently. For example, Pasteur pipettes can help experimenters take out medium conveniently, serological pipettes can help experimenters add serum conveniently, cell strainers can help experimenters screen cells, and Erlenmeyer Flasks can help experimenters better Suspension cell culture. Culture flasks can help experimenters to better cultivate adherent cells, ELISA Plates can help experimenters do enzyme labeling experiments, sample bags can help experimenters store samples conveniently, and so on. Finally, there are some limitations to be aware of when using plastic petri dishes.First of all, it must be disinfected before use to avoid contamination by bacteria, viruses, etc. Secondly, you must follow the operating procedures when using it to avoid damage to the battery. For example, it is necessary to use aseptic technique to avoid contamination; it is necessary to pay attention to the temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration and other conditions of petri dish to ensure the normal growth of cells. Finally, used plastic petri dishes must be disposed of properly after the experiment is complete. For example, throw it into the biochemical trash can to avoid polluting the environment. In short, as one of the most common experimental equipment in cell culture, plastic petri dishes not only have the advantages of convenience, practicality, low price, and no burrs, but also can be used with a variety of products to help experimenters more convenient for cell culture experiments. However, some issues need to be considered during use to ensure the accuracy of the experimental results. Wholesale price - factory price Petri dishes. Please feel free to wholesale high quality products from our factory at competitive prices. Good service, timely delivery, sincerely looking for agents with sincerity. Centrifuge tube factory. Manufacturer of cell culture plates. Find a sincere agent. Sample cup factory.

As a factory specializing in the production of umbilical cord clamps, our products have a variety of selling points and functions, which are suitable for different usage scenarios. First, our umbilical cord clips are made of high-quality materials, ensuring their durability and safety. Secondly, our products are simple and beautiful in design and easy to operate, which can help medical staff to handle newborn umbilical cords more conveniently. Most importantly, our umbilical cord clamp can effectively prevent infection and bleeding, and protect the health and safety of newborns. Our umbilical cord clamps are suitable for a variety of application scenarios, including hospitals, delivery rooms, maternal and child health care centers, etc. Whether in hospital delivery or newborn care in a maternal and child health facility, our products offer dependable protection and ease of use. In addition, our umbilical cord clamps can also be used with other products such as specimen cups and specimen bags. These products can help medical staff collect samples more conveniently and ensure the safety and accuracy of samples. To sum up, our umbilical clamp is a high-performance, high-reliability product, suitable for a wide range of application scenarios. You can use chatgpt with artificial intelligence to learn more about cable clips. Our products are exported to more than 150 countries and regions overseas, and we also have our distributors in Qatar, where Wordcup is held. We have independent stations on Google, Yandex, Amazon and other websites. We have passed the certification of multiple certification agencies, so you can use it with confidence. If you need umbilical cord clips or other related products, please contact us, we will serve you wholeheartedly.

Various small goods and peripheral products made in China appeared at the World Cup 2022 in Qatar. For example, wastewater treatment solutions, national flags, flag chains, World Cup commemorative awards, medals for fans, key chains and other peripheral products were ordered. Made in China" is one of the most famous labels in the world, and due to the fast-growing China and its huge industrial production system, the label can be found on a wide range of goods, from clothing to electronics. High quality and low prices have done a great service to the world. Our goal is to offer products made in China everywhere in the world. If you don't know anything about Made in China yet, you can use chatgpt to understand the energy behind Made in China in a versatile and multi-faceted way. Of course, 2022 is also the time when Covid-19 is widely distributed. During the coronavirus period, a large number of Chinese-made detection consumables were exported abroad, such as pipette tips, pipettes, deep well plates, pcr plates, etc. We also have special rapid detection kits to help detect viral infections. Our company has exported to many countries and regions during the epidemic, and the country with the largest export volume is the United States. Our products are popular in Europe, America, Southeast Asia and other countries due to their high quality, low price and guaranteed quality. Nowadays, our cell culture series products, such as Petri dishes, Pasteur pipettes, cell culture flasks, etc., can be used in laboratories, schools, scientific research institutions and other places. Factory direct sales, can do personalized customization, if you have special product customization service, we have a special grinding tool knowledge team to solve the customer ODM & OEM service. Click on our homepage to browse more products. We can provide free samples for you to test our products. Yongyue Medical Technology will serve you wholeheartedly.

Many foreign trade partners use Google, Yandex, Yahoo and other browsers to search for petri dish keywords. When placing an order, a lot of information about the petri dish appeared on the page. A popular science article explaining the purpose of a petri dish. There will also be ads for at least 6 petri dishes on the homepage. You can find dealers, factory direct sales, etc. in the advertisement. Key customers browse the required products on the home page through big data analysis. If some buyers are sensitive to price, it is recommended to use chatgpt to find the petri dish manufacturer directly. If you don't know much about the peripheral products of the cultural series, and don't know the market price, you can also find out through chatgpt. In addition, according to your description, chatgpt can provide you with the laboratory scene and product pictures you need through big data, which is convenient for you to communicate with the seller. We have the production technology for a full range of cell culture products,Petri Dishes, culture falsks, culture plates,Transfer Pipet, pipettes,Inoculating Loops And Needles, serological pipettes,erlenmeyer flasks, etc. Yongyue Medical is a comprehensive enterprise integrating industry and trade. We have a production line to cultivate series products and support customized services. Customers are welcome to visit our factory in China. Of course, you can also choose online video to learn more about the operation of our workshop, how the product is made, how many processes the product has gone through, and so on. We also have offices in the United States. If you want to communicate in person, you can also go to our art department to discuss cooperation matters in detail. welcome. Shipped from the factory, the quality is guaranteed, and the price is cheap. If necessary, you can contact our sales to get the best quotation. Yongyue Medical will serve you wholeheartedly.

What is monkeypox? Monkeypox is an infectious virus that originated in Africa. The virus has been transmitted from animals to humans. The likelihood of human-to-human transmission is low. It can be transmitted from monkeys to humans, but most cases are transmitted from rodents. Since the first case of infection was reported in the United Kingdom, monkeypox virus has continued to spread in the population. There are currently more than 1,000 cases of infection, and the epidemic continues to spread and has become a worldwide epidemic. How is monkeypox transmitted? Close contact with monkey pox symptoms rash, skin lesions, or contact with virus-contaminated items, such as clothing, towels, and bedding sheets, may also spread.Monkeypox virus can be present in respiratory droplets but usually requires prolonged personal contact to be transmitted. In addition, monkeypox can also be transmitted through mother-to-child transmission and sexual contact. If you are not sure whether you are infected with monkeypox virus, you can use monkeypox virus test kit produced by our company, which can accurately and efficiently detect monkeypox virus. After the test, please put the test reagent, transfer pipet, cotton swab, etc. into specimen bag to avoid secondary transmission and ensure the safety of family and friends. Yongyue Medical will serve you wholeheartedly. If you need customized service, please contact our sales department.https://www.yonyue.com/ How to prevent monkeypox? At present, there is no specific treatment for monkeypox, so prevention is very important. (1)Monkey pox vaccine.Since monkeypox virus and smallpox virus belong to the same virus family, the vaccine against smallpox virus also has a protective effect against monkeypox virus, and the effect of vaccination against smallpox virus to prevent monkeypox" is about 85%. (2) The public is advised to take the following personal preventive measures: - Stay away from animals that can transmit monkeypox virus; - Do not eat wild animals or wild game; - It is recommended not to travel to countries with severe monkeypox epidemics; - Avoid contact with animals of unknown origin and contact with them - Hand hygiene after contact with infected or suspected persons or animals, e.g. B. Washing hands with soap and running water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizer; - Wearing protective equipment is recommended when caring for patients; "84", etc. Routine household disinfectants can kill some monkeypox viruses. https://www.yonyue.com/monkeypox-virus-test-kit/ Yongyue Medical specializes in the production of cell culture products, pipette tips and medical consumables, medical gloves, urine cup, specimen cup, sputum cup,saliva collection kit and so on. If you need more products, please click on the homepage of our official website for more browsing products. Certificate

During the physical examination, we will gently hold the urine cup, for fear of splashing on our hands, is it still lively? do not be shy. A urinalysis is a must for any physical exam and very useful. As a product of the kidneys, urine can reflect many kidney problems. A small cup of urine can check many indicators. Judging by the naked eye, the color of the urine is also a basic assessment of the urine. Urine routine can accurately determine whether a patient is infected with nephritis, urinary tract infection or even diabetes, liver disease, etc. Yongyue Medical produces urine cups, specimen cups, sputum cups, stool cups, saliva collectors, pipettes, tips and other laboratory consumables. If you have any needs, please click our official homepage to browse more products. If you require individual services, please contact our sales department. Yongyue Medical will serve you wholeheartedly. When we get the test report, we always look at it habitually, but we still can't understand it... But in fact, it is easier to understand the urine routine than you think. Abnormal urine routine signs, such as B, elevated red blood cells, if there are hemorrhoids, anal fissures, menstrual bleeding leading to mixed blood in the urine, it may be urinary tract infection, nephritis, stones or tumors; The report showed that the protein in the urine exceeded the standard. If you exclude the febrile period or just finished strenuous exercise, it may be nephritis, kidney disease, etc. Reports show that nitrite exceeds the standard. If you can rule out that you ate a lot of vitamins or foods rich in nitrates, it could be a UTI. Urine routine precautions: 1. Avoid menstruation 2. Midstream Urine Collection 3. Check within half an hour More pictures

What is a pathology specimen bag?Plastic specimen bags are disposable medical pathology consumables, usually used in operating rooms to store pathology. Compared with previous years, its wide application in medicine has benefited from the strong advantages of pathological specimen bags: clear labels, standardized packaging, and more standardized specimen management, which has eliminated many mistakes and accidents and standardized management. Facilitate collaboration between the operating room and pathology.The specimen bag can hold culture tubes, blood collection tubes, test tubes, Specimen Cup etc. There are 5 specifications of plastic pathological specimen bags: large, medium and small. The opening of the bag is sealed and the label is attached to the outside of the bag. When we use it, we usually put the pathological specimen in a suitable bag, fill it with specimen fixative, seal it, and write the patient`s name, pathology application number and hospital number, and the name of the preparation on the label outside the bag. And together with the pathology reimbursement form, send it to the pathology department for examination. Facts have proved that the use of pathological specimen bags is still necessary. Sample management is very important in the operating room. In the past, surgically collected specimens were usually placed in discarded plastic bags or empty bottles, the bags were labeled, and then sent to the pathology department for pathological evaluation. Due to unclear labels and irregular packaging, sample loss and errors are common, and due to poor sealing of the bag mouth, the fixative of the sample is accidentally dumped during transportation, resulting in denaturation of the sample and polluting the environment. There are many contradictions with the pathology department. In view of this, the hospital uses disposable sample bags to store samples. Through clinical use, the effect is good.The standardized use of samples is very important to our medicine. Many problems can be avoided by using pathology sample bags.It's not as big as biohazard bag. Yongyue Medical Technology Co., Ltd. specializes in providing high-quality and large-volume pathological specimen bags. welcome to order! More pictures

In plate culture, the Petri dish must be turned upside down, mainly for the following reasons 1. Avoidance of contamination When the culture dish is upright, water evaporated from the culture medium will condense on the lid of the dish and may cause bacteria to fall back onto the surface of the culture medium, causing contamination and affecting culture results. When the culture dish is turned upside down, the evaporated water condenses evenly on the surface of the culture medium, and evaporation and condensation balance each other, which does not affect the culture results. Since the air in the plate cannot flow easily, infection with foreign bacteria is reduced as much as possible and contamination of the medium and culture medium by bacteria is prevented. 2. Easy access Since the Petri dish has a large lid and a small bottom, it is easy to lift only the lid when removing the Petri dish, exposing the culture medium to the air, causing contamination or dropping the Petri dish. The inverted plate may retain its original shape when removed, and it is not easy to separate the bottom and lid of the plate, avoiding contamination of bacteria in the environment. 3. Slowing down evaporation In a forced convection incubator, inverting the culture dish can reduce the airflow on the surface of the medium, reduce the evaporation rate of the water, and ensure that the medium does not crack as easily and does not affect the growth of microorganisms. Inverted Petri dishes are more conducive to bacterial growth and multiplication. 4. Easy to observe Inverting the Petri dish allows the spread of colonies to be controlled to some degree, which encourages the formation of individual colonies and makes observation and counting easier. Yongyue Medical is a high-tech enterprise specializing in the R&D, production and sales of biomedical consumables.pipette tips,deep well plate,pcr plate,cell ulture plate,petri dish,Cryogenic Vials,vtm tubes and other biological laboratory consumables. The company has a 100,000-level purification workshop and a complete set of automated production lines. The products are exported to more than 180 countries and regions around the world, and support OEM and ODM customized services. Yongyue Medical is your reliable partner!

The 2023 Dubai International Medical Laboratory Instruments and Equipment Exhibition Medlab Middle East will be held at the Dubai International Exhibition Center in the United Arab Emirates from February 6th to 9th, 2023. Yongyue Medical will bring IVD star products and new research and development products to this exhibition. , looking forward to your visit and guidance! The star products we carry this time include biochemical consumables such as culture plates, deep well plates, cell cryopreservation plates and enzyme-labeled plates. Divided into dishes and tubes: Droppers, test tubes, centrifuge tubes, cuvettes, petri dishes, etc. For rapid detection series products, we also have new crown detection kits, influenza A and B, malaria, dengue fever, malaria, drug detection, etc. Laboratory consumables include pipette tips, centrifuge tubes, syringes, culture bottles, test tubes, culture plates, cuvettes, etc. The importance of laboratory consumables in the life science industry. The importance of laboratory consumables has been highlighted by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, during which demand for testing supplies has increased due to disruptions in manufacturing and distribution channels. Since the pandemic, the life sciences industry has seen unprecedented demand for lab consumables related to COVID-19 lab work. Plastic lab consumables are increasingly used for RT-PCR testing (consumables such as plates and pipette tips), and suppliers cannot keep up with the demand. Other areas of research have also been affected by supply chain disruptions. In many research laboratories, consequences other than a lack of laboratory consumables can mean that clinical testing services cannot be maintained, and research may even cease. Shortages of laboratory consumables such as latex gloves, pipette tips, centrifuge tubes and culture flasks, shake flasks, etc. caused significant delays to the project. The laboratory consumables produced by Yongyue Medical are sold directly from the factory, with first-hand sources, and there is no middleman to earn the difference. The quality is guaranteed, we invite you to visit the factory. Send samples for free, please click our official website and contact us for details. Yongyue Medical will serve you wholeheartedly. This time, MEDLAB Middle East is the leading exhibition and conference of international laboratory equipment series products, which is the world's leading laboratory diagnostics in the Middle East, Asia, East Africa, West Africa, Europe and the United States The exhibition and conference is a professional IVD exhibition with global influence. Yongyue Medical sincerely invites you to visit booth Z2.F39, and looks forward to meeting you in a grand event and showing your style. More pictures

Basic tips for the cryopreservation of cell cultures Cells continue their metabolism during normal growth activities, which requires the participation of various proteases. When the temperature drops below -70 °C, proteases stop working. Therefore, in an environment with extremely low temperatures, cells can stop their metabolic activities and enter a dormant state that allows long-term storage. 1. Experimental materials Base material: Basic culture medium Serum (conventional FBS/NBS) Ultrapure workbench Sterile dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Sterile PBS phosphate buffer salt solution Pipetting gun Electric pipetting gun Preparation of the experiments a) Preparation of the freezing solution: General cells: 55% basal medium + 40% bovine serum (FBS/NBS) + 5% DMSO Vital cells: 90% bovine serum (FBS/NBS) + 10% DMSO Aliquot the prepared cryopreservation solution into a 15 ml centrifuge tube [NEST] and store at 4 °C for later use. (b) Preparation of cells to be frozen: Before freezing the cells, select cells with good growth status and in the logarithmic growth phase and replace them with fresh medium 12-24 hours before freezing to maintain cell condition. 2. Experimental procedure 1. Observe the density of the cells to be frozen, which is about 80%~90%. Use a pipette gun to aspirate the old medium, add sterile PBS to wash the cells 1-2 times, and remove the remaining medium in the culture environment. 2. Add an appropriate amount of trypsin or digestive juice to allow the trypsin to enter the cells, and place them in the incubator for digestion. Observe the condition of the cells under the microscope: the cytoplasm is retracting and the cells are no longer connected into sheets. At this point, add the stop solution to stop the digestion process. 3. Gently bubble the cells with a tip to form a cell suspension and centrifuge the cell suspension at 1000 rpm for 3-5 minutes. Discard the supernatant, add an appropriate amount of freezing solution, and gently pipette to make the cells count uniformly. Adjust the cell density with cryopreservation medium to make the final density 5×106/mL~1×107/mL. 4. Use a pipette gun to separate the cryogenic tubes according to the expected capacity, and use an automatic capping machine to cap and seal. 5. The standard cryopreservation program is a cooling rate of -1°C to -2°C/min, and the cells to be frozen can be gradually frozen according to the following steps: room temperature → 4°C (20min) → -20°C (30min) → -80°C °C (overnight) → long-term storage in liquid nitrogen. It can also be stored directly in a freezer at -80°C overnight and then transferred to liquid nitrogen for storage. Yongyue Medical is a high-tech enterprise specializing in R&D, production and sales of biomedical consumables. Pipette tips,pipettes,pcr plate,cell culture products and other biological laboratory consumables. Yongyue Medical is worthy of your trust and choice! Welcome to consult!